The Depression Level of 4th Year College Students

Acknowledgement The research worker proudly accredit to the unrivaleds who mainstay offed this research for making it possible to accomplish this factual research. frontmost of in all, the tec would proudly recognise our Almighty God for bestowing us the aeonian blessings of knowledge in this research, for securing us from harm at all time and gave us guidance to finish this research. The tec would besides proudly acknowledge our be lovemakingd professor Dr. Maria Rosario E. Monce, for giving enough knowledge to return and finish this research.This research pass on surely prep ar us for the afterlife challenges and it leave alone help us to give way a far to a greater extent responsible and hardworking person. Also, I would also the likes of to give convey to the quaternary course of instruction college students of the University of the easternmost for their swift cooperation in answering the researchers opinion test. DEDICATION The researcher dedicates this d o main(prenominal) to her beloved family curiously to her mom to show her efforts, gratitude, sincerity and most of all her unending love and appreciation for all she assume sacrificed for her. To the researchers friends who gave support and encour maturatement.To the researchers beloved Professor, Dr. Maria Rosario E. Monce, who taught her how to trust herself and to invite a confirmatory outlook in life. Abstract Research TitleThe opinion direct of 4th form College Students of the University of the atomic number 99 ResearcherCriselle Joy M. Masungsong Degree disposed(p)Bachelor of Science, Major in Psychology Granting InstitutionCollege of Arts and Sciences, University of the easternmost, manila paper Research castDescriptive Method Respondents50 4th course college students Statistical Tools UsedT-test for in wagerence samples, Chi-squ be synopsis . The bestride of the responsives ranges from 18-24 eld out of date. The respondent with the period of 18 bedevil the frequency of 1 or 2%. The respondents with the date of 19 shake the frequency of 16 or 32%. The respondents with the period of 20 puzzle the frequency of 19 or 38%. The respondents with the age of 21 have the frequency of 10 or 20%. The respondent with the age 22 has the frequency of 1 or 2%. The respondent with the age of 23 has the frequency of 1 or 2%. The respondents with the age of 24 have the frequency of 2 or 4%. 2. The course train is all 4th form college students. 3.The number of potent and effeminate respondents is equal. at that place atomic number 18 25 manly respondents and 25 feminine respondents which equals to 50 respondents. 4. The 2 respondents with the age of 20 have high opinion direct. The 3 respondents with the age of 19 and 20 have Above number falling off Level. The 9 respondents with the age of 19, 20, and 21 have bonny slump Level. The 22 respondents with the age of 19,20,21,23 and 24 have infra average pocket-sized Level. The 14 respondents with the age of 19, 20, 21 and 22 have deplorable first gear aim. 5. The belief take of 4th family college students is 3. 7. It reputes the respondents have to a inflict place second-rate low Level. 6. The falloff train of masculine respondents is 3. 64 which mean they have under median(a) stamp Level. The first gear train of distaff respondents is 3. 71 which mean they have beneath amount embossment Level. 7. The obtained regard as of 25. 13 is reject than the critical quantify of 36. 42 at the 0. 05 direct of signifi targetce thitherfore the researcher accepts the invalid hypothesis, which means thither is no evidentiary divergence mingled with the ages of the 4th year college students in their low gear train. 8. The obtained protect of 0. 7 is lower than the critical valuate of 9. 49 at the 0. 05 train of logical implication thereof the researcher accepts the null hypothesis, which means there is no earthshaking oddment amid t he sexual urges of the 4th year college students in their imprint take aim. Conclusion The researcher came up with the following conclusions 1. The majority of the respondents concord to age in the demographic profile are 20 geezerhood one-time(a). The respondents jibe to sexual practice in the demographic profile are equal. The respondents tally to year take aim are all 4th year college students. 2.The take of mental picture of 4th year college students by age is the same. The students with the age of 18-24 lav have the same opinion level. 3. The level of mental picture of 4th year college students by gender is the same. The students have below medium effect level. The gender can non affect the first gear level of 4th year college students. Both staminate and female can have high first, above number printing, average economic crisis, below average stamp and low notion level. 4. The year level of all respondents is the same so it wont have whatever effect on the depression level of the respondents. . The obtained value of 25. 13 is lower than the critical value of 36. 42 at the 0. 05 level of importation therefore the researcher accepts the null hypothesis, which means there is no material dispute betwixt the ages of the 4th year college students in their depression level. 6. The obtained value of 0. 57 is lower than the critical value of 9. 49 at the 0. 05 level of conditional relation therefore the researcher accepts the null hypothesis, which means there is no significant loss between the genders of the 4th year college students in their depression level. tri thate 1.Researcher must have wider range of research to support her study and to cut if there is a significant difference between the depression level of 4th year college students at University of the East-Manila. 2. Add more than respondents to be com pamperent to gather better proof and understanding in depression level of 4th year college students. 3. The resear cher should study more than entirely one and only(a) year level. 4. Look for more studies that are carry ond in the researchers topic. 5. Never lose hope. 6. picture can be fought with a positive outlook in life and control to yourself. Chapter 1 task and its Background Introduction first has been recognized as a common disease. Itis a p tether of low conception and aversion to performance that can affect a persons thoughts, behavior, whole ghostings and physical well-being. Depressed mass whitethorn feel sad, anxious, empty, hopeless, helpless,worthless, guilty, irrit fitted, or restless. They may lose interest in activities that once were pleasurable, experience loss of thirst or everyplaceeating, or problems concentrating, remembering details or making decisions and may contemplate or attempt suicide. Insomnia, excessive sleeping, fatigue, loss of energy, or aches, var. or digestive problems that are resistant to give-and-take may be give. depression can last fo r years and can end up people in mental hospitals. Some employ to say their depressed but they only feel sad. Too lots and too long tribulation can become depression. This research pass on contain factual info regarding the depression degree of peoples current state of adolescence and recent adults. At this age is the beginning of difficult and complicated trials anchored with antithetic types of invalidating elements such as temptation, greed or jealousy in their go to adulthood, this is also the stage of building ones selves hidden genius and forging of who they will become in the time to come.Background of the study The researcher used m some(prenominal) sources and books to conclude and finish the study. So many time was condition and sleepless nights to endure. Complete understanding was used in the research to have a good result. embossment was called melancholia many years ago. The name was intensifyd and become clinical depression, major depression or simply depre ssion and unremarkably referred to as major depressive disorder by many health make out professionals. There is no single cause for depression.Many factors play a government agency including ge earnics, environment, life flatts, medical conditions, and the way people react to things that kick downstairs in their lives. Research shows that depression runs in families and some people inherit genes that make them more likely to get depressed. Not everyone who has the genetic makeup for depression gets depressed, though. Some can get depress even if they dont have genetic makeup for depression. The death of a family member, friend, or pet can go beyond normal grief and sometimes point to depression.Other difficult life events, such as when parents divorce, separate, or remarry, can touch off depression. Even events like moving or changing schools can be emotionally challenging enough that a person becomes depressed. For some teens, a proscribe, stressful, or unhappy family atmo sphere can affect their self-esteem and lead to depression. This can also include high-stress living situations such as poverty homelessness and violence in the family, relationships, or community. Substance use and abuse also can cause chemical changes in the brain that affect mood lcohol and some drugs are known to have depressant effects. The electro blackball companionable and personal consequences of substance abuse also can lead to heavy unhappiness and depression. Certain medical conditions can affect hormone poise and therefore have an effect on mood. Some conditions, such as hypothyroidism, are known to cause a depressed mood in some people. When these medical conditions are diagnosed and treated by a doctor, the depression everydayly disappears. Theoretical Framework The researcher was able to search slightly Becks Depression inveteratele (BDI, BDI-II), created by Dr. Aaron T.Beck, is a 21-question multiple-choice self-report inventory, one of the most widely used pawns for amount the severity of depression. Also, the researcher was able to study active Aaron Becks cognitive Theory of Depression. Different cognitive behavioral theorists have developed their own unique twist on the Cognitive way of hark backing. According to Dr. Aaron Beck, negative thoughts, generated by dysfunctional beliefs are typically the primary cause of depressive symptoms. A direct relationship occurs between the number and severity of someones negative thoughts and the severity of their depressive symptoms.In early(a) words, the more negative thoughts you experience, the more depressed you will become. Beck also asserts that there are three primary(prenominal) dysfunctional belief themes (or schemas) that dominate depressed peoples intellection 1) I am defective or inadequate, 2) All of my experiences result in defeats or failures, and 3) The future is hopeless. Together, these three themes are described as the Negative Cognitive Triad. When these beliefs ar e present in someones cognition, depression is very likely to occur (if it has not already occurred).Becks main argument was that depression was instituted by ones view of oneself, sooner of one having a negative view of oneself impu add-in to depression. This has large genial implications of how we as a group perceive each other and relate our dissatisfactions with one another. Abela and DAlessandros (2002) study on college admissions is a good example of this phenomenon. In their study they found that the students negative views about their future strongly controlled the fundamental interaction between dysfunctional attitudes and the increase in depressed mood.The research intelligibly backed up Becks claim that those at risk for depression due to dysfunctional attitudes who did not get into their college of choice then doubted their futures, and these thoughts lead to symptoms of depression. Therefore, the students self-perceptions became negative after failing to get into col lege, and many showed signs of depression due to this thinking. conceptual Framework InputProcessOutput The diagram shows how the study is being conducted. The 4th year college students are the single-handed variable and the level of depression is the dependent variable.To determine whether the free lance variable really affects the dependent variable, a depression test is processed. avowal of the Problem 1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents harmonise to their 1. Age 2. sexual urge 3. black marketency/ socio-economic class? 2. What is the level of depression of the respondents? 1. Is there significant difference between the depression level of male and female adolescents? 2. Is there significant difference between the ages of adolescents in their depression level? 3. Is there significant difference between the year level of adolescents in their depression level?Hypotheses deceitful There is no significant difference between the level of depression of male an d female 4th year college students in the University of the East Manila. There is no significant difference between the ages of 4th year college students in their level of depression? There is no significant difference between the year level of 4th year college students in their level of depression? Alternative There is a significant difference between the level of depression of male and female 4th year college students in the University of the East Manila.There is a significant difference between the ages of 4th year college students in their level of depression? There is a significant difference between the year level of 4th year college students in their level of depression? Assumption Females are more sensitive than males. Female thinks too much which leads to stress and with prolonged problems and sadness, depression is developed. Male doesnt think too much about their problems in life. They just play computer games or do their interest to help themselves and make their sadness fade. The researcher will assume that females have higher depression level than males.Significance of the study This study will help to guide the readers on understanding of what is really depression, the main causes of depression especially at their age and understanding the theoretical studies of depression that will broaden the concept of readers regarding the topic of this research. The significance of this study will make a person aware of their Depression level and whether they have low/high depression level. The researcher will help the respondents in improving and knowing what to do for their selves. Scope and Delimitation of the StudyThis study limits its respondents to 50 4th year college students. These 50 persons are students in University of the East Manila, specifically ranging from age of 18 up to 24 years white-haired. The researcher provided definitions, backgrounds about the study, tests, reasons and preventions, computations and frameworks. Definitions Depressio n is a state of low mood and aversion to activity that can affect a persons thoughts, behavior, feelings and physical well-being. Becks Depression Inventory is a 21-question multiple-choice self-report inventory, one of the most widely used instruments for measuring the severity of depression.Insomnia (or sleeplessness) is most often defined by an individuals report of sleeping difficulties Stress It refers to the consequence of the failure of an organism human or other animal to respond adequately to mental, emotional, or physical demands, whether actual or imagined. Themes (or schemas) are a mental structure that represents some aspect of the world. Chapter 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURES AND STUDIES According to the article of desperation, Family Stress, and Depression among Mexican-Heritage Mothers in the southwestern made by Flavio F.Marsiglia, Stephen Kulis, Hilda Garcia Perez, and Monica Bermudez-Parsai Hopelessness is conceptualized as an individuals negative expectancy re garding the future, and it is characterized by negative emotions, pessimistic expectations, and loss of joyousness in life (Beck. Weissman,Lester, , 1974 Heilemann, Coffey-Love, , 2004). Hopelessness is the expectation that negative outcomes are inevitable or that positive outcomes will not develop. These expectations are paired with the feeling that one cannot do anything to change the future (Abela, Gagnon, & Auerbach, 2007).Individuals who are pessimistic about the causes and consequences of events and who tend to ascribe negative self-characteristics after negative events have been found to be more at risk for hopelessness and depression (Brozina & Abela, 2006). According to the article of Wayne Katon, Jurgen Unutzer, and Joan Russo, patients with major depression have a great deal of heterogeneity in the level of depression severity, number of earlier episodes, comorbidity with dysthymia, anxiety disorders, chronic medical disorders and chronic ain, comorbidity with personalit y disorders and maladaptive coping styles (such as high levels of neuroticism), and socioeconomic status. Chapter 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY This chapter shows the information and further make clear of the present study. This part include the research design, the determination of the sample size, sampling design and technique, the description of the subjects, the research instrument, and validation of the instrument, information gathering and procedure, data process method and the statistical treatment of data. RESEARCH instaurationIn this study, the researcher used the descriptive method as the research design to present the study. This method shows the different sides and the nature of the study. The researcher will measure the variables depression level, age, gender and the year level and determine the nature and difference between them. SAMPLING DESIGN AND TECHNIQUE In selecting the respondents of the study, the researcher used the convenience sampling method. The researcher asked the approval of the selected students from 4thy year college students from the University campus. THE SUBJECTSThe researcher gathered respondents from 4th year college students of the University of the East to serve as samples in the said study. THE INSTRUMENT OF THE STUDY The instrument used by the researcher was a self-constructed test of Depression test. dishearten 1 The table shows the level of Depression based on their weighted mean. Mean Score communicative version 1. 00-1. 80 High Depression 1. 1-2. 60 Above median(a) Depression 2. 61-3. 40 fair Depression 3. 41-4. 20 to a lower place fairish Depression 4. 21-5. 00 Low Depression brass OF THE INSTRUMENT USEDThe Depression test was face-validated by Dr. Maria Rosario E. Monce and went through some(prenominal) modifications. TREATMENT OF THE DATA 1. The statistical treatment of the data that was used in the study is the office, weig radiation pattern for weighted mean X=? X N Where ?X= total rack up N= Number of respondents 2. Formula for the computation of t-test for 2 independent samples. t= X1-X2Where vS1 S2X1 / X2= means of independent samples +N1 / N2= total of samples N1 N2S= standard deviation S=? X12-(? X1)2 + ? X22-(? X2)2d. f. = N1 + N2 2 N1 N2 N1+N2-2 3. Formula for Chi square, a test of relationship/difference.X2= (fo-fe)2E= R x Kd. f. = (R-1) (K-1) fe T WhereWhere fo= observed frequencyR= total class scores fe= anticipate frequencyK= total column scores T= total scores leaden mean, T-test and Chi-square Chapter 4 Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of entropy The researcher finished the table after gathering all the data needed. These tables show the results and serve as the tool to distinctly understand the study. 1. demographic profile of the respondents according to the following Table 1. 1 Frequency and destiny diffusion of the Respondents According to Age Age Frequency Percentage 18 1 2% 19 16 32% 20 19 38% 21 10 20% 22 1 2% 23 1 2% 24 2 4% full(a) 50 c% The table above shows the age of the respondents ranging 18 to 24 years aging, the age that accumulated the largest frequency is the 20 years old which has total 19 and percentage of 38%. Then the lowest frequency is the 18, 22 and 23 years old which has only 1 and percentage of 2%. The other frequency are the 19 years old which has the frequency of 16 and percentage of 32% and the 21 years old which has frequency of 10 and percentage of 20%. Also, the 24 years old this has frequency of 2 and percentage of 4%. The overall frequency is 50 and with the percentage of 100%. Table 1. 2 Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Respondents According to Gender Gender Amount Percentage M 25 50% F 25 50% 50 100% The table above shows the number of female and male respondents. The number of female and male respondents is equal. Table 1. 3Frequency and Percentage Distribution of the Respondents According to Year/Level Year/Level Frequency Percentage Fourth Year 50 100% tally 50 100% The table above shows that all of the respondents are 4th year college students with the frequency 50 and percentage of 100%. 2. Level of depression of the respondents. Table 2 Gained Weighted Mean and Verbal Interpretation Respondent Mean Score Verbal Interpretation 1-50 3. 67 down the stairs Average Depression The table above shows that the level of depression of the 50 respondents was in the verbal interpretation of beneath Average Depression. 3. Significant difference between the depression level of male and female adolescents. Table 3 T-value obtained by the respondents in the depression test d. f. Obtained economic value Critical Value Decision 48 0. 3 2. 0126 No significant difference Since the obtained value of 0. 33 is lower than the critical value of 2. 0126 at the 0. 05 level of significance therefore the researcher accepts the null hypothesis, which means there is no significant difference between the male and female 4th year college stu dents in their depression level. 4. Significant relationship between gender and age of adolescents to depression. visibleness Variable df Obtained Value Critical Value Decision Age 24 25. 3 36. 42 No significant difference Gender 4 0. 57 9. 49 No significant difference Age The obtained value of 25. 13 is lower than the critical value of 36. 42 at the 0. 05 level of significance therefore the researcher accepts the null hypothesis, which means there is no significant difference between the ages of the 4th year college students in their depression level. This proves that 4th year students with the age of 18-24 can have the same depression level. Gender The obtained value of 0. 57 is lower than the critical value of 9. 49 at the 0. 5 level of significance therefore the researcher accepts the null hypothesis, which means there is no significant difference between the genders of the 4th year college students in their depression level. The gender does not affect the depression level o f male and female 4th year college students. Chapter 5 Summary of Findings, Conclusions and Recommendations In this chapter, the researcher will mainly discuss the summary of the all findings, conclusion and recommendation of the study. Summary 9. The age of the respondents ranges from 18-24 years old. The respondent with the age of 18 have the frequency of 1 or 2%. The respondents with the age of 19 have the frequency of 16 or 32%.The respondents with the age of 20 have the frequency of 19 or 38%. The respondents with the age of 21 have the frequency of 10 or 20%. The respondent with the age 22 has the frequency of 1 or 2%. The respondent with the age of 23 has the frequency of 1 or 2%. The respondents with the age of 24 have the frequency of 2 or 4%. 10. The year level is all 4th year college students. 11. The number of male and female respondents is equal. There are 25 male respondents and 25 female respondents which equals to 50 respondents. 12. The 2 respondents with the age of 20 have High Depression Level. The 3 respondents with the age of 19 and 20 have Above Average Depression Level.The 9 respondents with the age of 19, 20, and 21 have Average Depression Level. The 22 respondents with the age of 19,20,21,23 and 24 have on a lower floor Average Depression Level. The 14 respondents with the age of 19, 20, 21 and 22 have Low Depression level. 13. The Depression level of 4th year college students is 3. 67. It means the respondents have on a lower floor Average Depression Level. 14. The Depression level of male respondents is 3. 64 which mean they have Below Average Depression Level. The Depression level of female respondents is 3. 71 which mean they have Below Average Depression Level. 15. The obtained value of 25. 13 is lower than the critical value of 36. 42 at the 0. 5 level of significance therefore the researcher accepts the null hypothesis, which means there is no significant difference between the ages of the 4th year college students in their depr ession level. 16. The obtained value of 0. 57 is lower than the critical value of 9. 49 at the 0. 05 level of significance therefore the researcher accepts the null hypothesis, which means there is no significant difference between the genders of the 4th year college students in their depression level. Conclusion The researcher came up with the following conclusions 7. The majority of the respondents according to age in the demographic profile are 20 years old. The respondents according to gender in the demographic profile are equal. The respondents according to year level are all 4th year college students. 8.The level of depression of 4th year college students by age is the same. The students with the age of 18-24 can have the same depression level. 9. The level of depression of 4th year college students by gender is the same. The students have below average depression level. The gender cannot affect the depression level of 4th year college students. Both male and female can have h igh depression, above average depression, average depression, below average depression and low depression level. 10. The year level of all respondents is the same so it wont have any effect on the depression level of the respondents. 11. The obtained value of 25. 13 is lower than the critical value of 36. 42 at the 0. 5 level of significance therefore the researcher accepts the null hypothesis, which means there is no significant difference between the ages of the 4th year college students in their depression level. 12. The obtained value of 0. 57 is lower than the critical value of 9. 49 at the 0. 05 level of significance therefore the researcher accepts the null hypothesis, which means there is no significant difference between the genders of the 4th year college students in their depression level. Recommendation 7. Researcher must have wider range of research to support her study and to prove if there is a significant difference between the depression level of 4th year college st udents at University of the East-Manila. 8.Add more respondents to be able to gather better proof and understanding in depression level of 4th year college students. 9. The researcher should study more than just one year level. 10. Look for more studies that are related in the researchers topic. 11. Never lose hope. 12. Depression can be fought with a positive outlook in life and control to yourself. BIBLIOGRAPHY Webiology http//depression. about. com/cs/diagnosis/l/bldepscreenquiz. htm http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/History_of_depression http//helpguide. org/mental/depression_signs_types_diagnosis_treatment. htm http//kidshealth. org/teen/your_mind/mental_health/depression. html http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Depression_%28mood%29 www. mentalhelp. net www. wikipedia. com http//itl. nist. gov/div898/handbook/eda/section3/eda3672. htm APPENDIX A Table for the Computation Table of Weighted lots of the Respondents and Verbal Interpretation Male Respondent Weighted Scores Verba l Interpretation 1 3. 22 Average Depression 2 4. 32 low Depression 3 4. 2 Below Average Depression 4 2. 5 Above Average Depression 5 3. 78 Below Average Depression 6 4. 28 low Depression 7 3. 06 Average Depression 8 3. 78 Below Average Depression 9 3. 64 Below Average Depression 10 3. 4 Average Depression 11 3. 78 Below Average Depression 12 3. 48 Below Average Depression 13 4. 26 low Depression 14 3. 68 Below Average Depression 15 4. 36 low Depression 16 4. 22 low Depression 17 3. 2 Below Average Depression 18 3. 28 Average Depression 19 3. 78 Below Average Depression 20 3. 86 Below Average Depression 21 4. 3 low Depression 22 3. 84 Below Average Depression 23 3. 58 Below Average Depression 24 3. 6 Average Depression 25 1. 52 High Depression Female Respondent Weighted Scores Verbal Interpretation 1 4. 2 Below Average Depression 2 3. 02 Average Depression 3 3. 4 Average Depression 4 4. 18 Below Average Depression 5 3. 76 Below Average Depression 6 4 . 38 Low Depression 7 3. 72 Below Average Depression 8 3. 88 Below Average Depression 9 3. 8 Below Average Depression 10 4 Below Average Depression 11 3. 2 Average Depression 12 2. 54 Above Average Depression 13 4. 56 Low Depression 14 3. 98 Below Average Depression 15 4. 54 Low Depression 16 3. 8 Below Average Depression 17 4. 14 Below Average Depression 18 4. 6 Low Depression 19 4. 5 Low Depression 20 2. 9 Average Depression 21 4. 3 Low Depression 22 3. Below Average Depression 23 1. 14 High Depression 24 4. 54 Low Depression 25 2. 28 Above Average Depression APPENDIX B Computation for the t-test independent Sample Female X? 2 1 17. 64 2 9. 1204 3 9. 2416 4 17. 4724 5 14. 1376 6 19. 1844 7 13. 8384 8 15. 0544 9 14. 2884 10 16 11 10. 6276 12 6. 4516 13 20. 7936 14 15. 8404 15 20. 0116 16 12. 1104 17 17. 1396 18 21. 16 19 20. 25 20 8. 41 21 18. 49 22 15. 21 23 1. 2996 24 20. 6116 25 5. 1984 Male X? 2 1 10. 3684 2 18. 6624 3 17. 64 4 6. 25 5 14. 2884 6 18. 3184 7 9. 3636 8 14. 2884 9 13. 2496 10 9. 8596 11 14. 2884 12 12. 1104 13 18. 1476 14 13. 5424 15 19. 0096 16 17. 8084 17 15. 3664 18 10. 7584 19 14. 2884 20 14. 8996 21 18. 49 22 14. 7456 23 12. 8164 24 9. 9856 25 2. 3104 T= X? X? pic pic = pic- pic + pic pic N1 N2 N1 + N2 -2 pic= 340. 85. 04 (90. 94) 2 + 360. 182 (92. 62)2 25 25 25+25-2 pic= 340. 85. 04 (8270. 0836) + 360. 182 (8578. 4644) 25 25 25+25-2 = (340. 8504 330. 803344) + (360. 182 343. 138576) 48 = 10. 047056 + 17. 043424 48 = 27. 09048 48 pic = 0. 56 APPENDIX C Computation for Chi square Formula E=R x KX2= (fo-fe)2 T fe WhereWhere E= expect frequencyfo= frequency observed R= total row scoresfe= frequency expected K= total column scores T= total scores Table According to Profile Variable Age Age High Above Average Average Below Average Low Total 18 0 0 0 1 0 1 19 0 2 2 7 5 16 20 2 1 4 8 4 19 21 0 0 3 3 4 10 22 0 0 0 0 1 1 23 0 0 0 1 0 1 24 0 0 0 2 0 2 2 3 9 22 14 50 X2=-25. 13 d. f. = (r-1) (k-1) = (4-1) (4-1) = (3) (3) = 9 C. V. 0. 05= 36. 42 fo fe (fo fe) (fo-fe)2 (fo-fe)2/fe 0 0. 04 0. 04 0. 0016 0. 4 0 0. 64 0. 64 0. 4096 0. 64 2 0. 76 1. 24 1. 5376 2. 023157895 0 0. 4 0. 4 0. 16 0. 4 0 0. 04 0. 04 0. 0016 0. 04 0 0. 04 0. 04 0. 0016 0. 04 0 0. 08 0. 08 0. 0064 0. 08 0 0. 06 0. 06 0. 0036 0. 6 2 0. 96 1. 04 1. 0816 1. 126666667 1 1. 14 -0. 14 0. 0196 0. 017192982 0 0. 6 0. 6 0. 36 0. 6 0 0. 06 0. 06 0. 0036 0. 06 0 0. 06 0. 06 0. 0036 0. 06 0 0. 12 0. 12 0. 0144 0. 12 0 0. 18 0. 18 0. 0324 0. 8 2 2. 88 -0. 88 0. 7744 0. 268888888 4 3. 42 0. 58 0. 3364 0. 098362573 3 1. 8 1. 2 1. 44 0. 8 0 0. 18 0. 18 0. 0324 0. 18 0 0. 18 0. 18 0. 0324 0. 18 0 0. 36 0. 36 0. 1296 0. 36 1 0. 44 0. 56 0. 3136 0. 12727272 7 7. 04 -0. 04 0. 0016 0. 000227272 8 8. 36 -0. 36 0. 1296 0. 015502392 3 4. 4 -1. 4 1. 96 0. 445454545 0 0. 44 0. 44 0. 1936 0. 44 1 0. 44 0. 56 0. 3136 0. 712727272 2 0. 88 1. 12 1. 2544 1. 425 454545 0 0. 28 0. 28 0. 0784 0. 8 5 4. 48 0. 52 0. 2704 0. 060357142 4 5. 32 -1. 32 1. 7424 0. 327518797 4 2. 8 1. 2 1. 44 0. 514285714 1 0. 28 0. 72 0. 1584 1. 851428571 0 0. 28 0. 28 0. 0784 0. 28 0 0. 56 0. 56 0. 3136 0. 56 Table According to Profile Variable Gender Gender High Above Average Average Below Average Low Total Male 1 1 5 12 6 25 Female 1 2 4 11 7 25 total 2 3 9 23 14 50 Gender 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1. 5 -0. 5 0. 25 0. 66666666 2 1. 5 0. 5 0. 25 0. 166666666 5 4. 5 0. 5 0. 25 0. 055555555 4 4. 5 -0. 5 0. 25 0. 055555555 12 11. 5 0. 5 0. 25 0. 02173913 11 11. 5 -0. 5 0. 25 0. 02173913 6 6. 5 -0. 5 0. 25 0. 038461538 7 6. 5 0. 5 0. 25 0. 038461538 X2= 0. 57 C. V. 0. 05= 9. 49 Name __________________________________________ Course & Year _________________ Age __________ Gender __________ Date _______________ Depression Test Objective Depression test may help you identify any possible depression symptoms that you may be experiencing and whether y ou should seek a diagnosis or treatment for depression from a qualified doctor or mental health professional. Direction Examine the following statements and indicate which option best describes or applies to you. As you take the test, answer each question as candidly as possible. 1 MOST OF THE TIME 2 OFTEN 3 SOMETIMES 4 RARELY 5 NEVER 1 2 3 4 5 1 I experience extremes in mood, moving from elated and hyper to deeply depressed. 2 I feel stir up or restless. 3 I feel so guilty that I can barely take it. 4 I feel like there is nothing to look forward to when I wake up in the morning. 5 I feel that I am not loved by my friends, family, and/or my romantic partner. 6 I think about death. 7 I cannot make up my mind chop-chop when needed. 8 I only notice the sad or negative headlines. 9 I get mad at myself if I do not achieve the goals I have set out to reach. 10 I feel anxious when I go out of the residence alone. 11 I keep myself up at night thinking about the things going on in my life. 12 I have recurrent thoughts about ending my life. 1 2 3 4 5 13 I feel bad about myself. 14 I still find a way to blame myself even when forces beyond my control prevent me from reaching a goal. 15 I feel like I will never get over it when things go wrong in my life. 16 I believe that I will not have a happy relationship with anyone. 17 I have a persistent feeling of emptiness. 18 I wake up early in the morning and cannot go back to sleep. 19 I always feel jade and irritable. 20 I feel slowed down (physically or mentally). 21 I feel tired even after a good rest. 22 I tend to think that I am not smart enough when I am struggling in work or in school. 23 I always feel sad and troubled every day. 24 I do not want to tell others when bad things happen to me because the last thing I want is for them to pity me. 25 I o veranalyze my relationships with others, finding problems that do not really exist. 26 I feel like crying for no apparent reason. 27 I have difficulty in concentrating and remembering things to do. 28 I cannot forgive myself if I fail to achieve what I have set out to do. 29 I feel that I do not deserve to be loved. 30 I feel like ending my life. 31 I cannot seem to get started on important projects or tasks I need to take care of. 32 I have been called overly sensitive. 33 I act based on what others will think of me, or else than based on how I would really like to proceed. 34 I am (or I have been told that I am) unusually irritable. 35 I feel physically weak. 36 I cannot take care of myself and of those who depend on me. 37 I feel that I am hateful or unattractive. 38 I am not contented in my life. 39 I feel like I am hurting people by just being around. 40 I slew up everything I to uch. 41 I cannot think as clearly as ever. 42 I do not get pleasure anymore out of most (or all) of the things and activities that I used to enjoy. 43 I keep failures and disappointments to myself to avoid being judged by others. 1 2 3 4 5 44 I feel worthless. 45 I am so tired that I cannot carry on with my usual activities. 46 I feel that nobody listens to any of my sentiments. 47 I loose my concentration to everything I do. 48 I tend to be sensitive in interactions with others, noticing even the subtlest insult or mocking tone of voice. 49 I have lost/gained weight without trying to. 50 I feel there is something seriously wrong with me. Bibliography http//www. essons4living. com/depression_test2. htm http//www. queendom. com/tests/access_page/index. htm? idRegTest=1123 http//www. findingstone. com/services/tests/depressiontest. htm advance 1. 1. 80 = High Depression 1. 81 2. 60 = Above Average De pression 2. 61 3. 40 = Average Depression 3. 41 4. 20 = Below Average Depression 4. 21 5. 00 = Low Depression Depression Level High Above Average Average Below Average Low Depression Test 4th year college students in the University of the East Manila -0. 07 0. 211660104 3. 64 3. 71 pic 25 25 -0. 07 pic O. V. = 0. 33 C. V. = 2. 0106 0. 33 -0. 07 pic