Nature of a Diamond :: essays research papers

The unique nature of diamond is heavily dependent upon its composition, crystal structure, and mechanical, thermal, and electromagnetic properties.1 Of those dependencies, composition exacts the most influence over the characteristics. Crystal structure is the repetition pattern of diamonds composition, and each of the properties are the result of molecular interaction which is determined by composition. Therefore, composition is paramount in the decision of the qualities of diamond. Before its discovery, adamantane was known as decaterpene, the name applied by Decker to his tricyclic antidepressant hydrocarbon. Decker believed that his decaterpene was similar in structure as the diamond lattice. Decaterpene, as in diamond, was proposed by Decker to be highly structured and strain free.2 Decker proposed decaterpene in 1924, scarce that was all it was until 1933 when the structure was proven to exist. Isolated in the petroleum of Hodinin, Czechoslovakia by Landa and Machachaeck, decaterpene became incarnate.3 However, the fact that they found the structure Decker predicted did not mean that his nomenclature would be used to disclose the compound. That honor was bestowed upon its discoverers Landa and Machcahcaeck who used the Greek translation of diamond, adamantane, to identify the compound.2Crude petroleum is separated into its comp geniusnt compounds by fragmental distillation. The functioning involves a sample of the petroleum to be heated until the sample is zap leaving behind any solid impurities. The resulting steam enters a divisional distillation column in which a temperature gradient had been instilled. The temperature of the column decreases as the steam rises through the column. The idea is that, as the temperature of the column decreases, the vapor temperature go out decrease. When the boiling point of a compound is passed, the compound will liquefy on the sides of the column and be collected in the fraction salubrious at that point. Th us the mixture is separated into fractions of compounds with similar boiling points in a mixture.4 Adamantanes high boiling point caused it to be one of the initial compounds to condense with the kerosene fraction in the 190o C cut.5 The exactly problem with the fractional distillation method is that adamantane cannot be extracted in king-sized quantities because it exists in only a small quantity in petrol. The nominal head of adamantane was found to be only 0.0004% of the composition of petroleum by the fractional distillation method.2 Adamantane is not alone in the petroleum distillate in which it is present.